The earliest beer with grapes or in 13000 years ago

Stanford university archaeologist, is refresh our perception of brewing history. After the news, said the Chinese five thousand years ago would have beer. But archaeology professor Li Liu's latest findings on Israel Raqefet cave stone mortar, but reveals the brewing history can be further forward, turn to 13000 years ago. In addition to the fermented beverages and food storage, this research also examined the figure lady ( 纳图夫人) Banquet ceremony. This cave was once figure lady graveyard, hunter-gatherers at that time, after A. D. 15000 ~ 10000 year after year, lived in the Mediterranean levant ( Levant） Region. Found in the caves of the stone mortar, Stanford university researchers have found traces of starch particles and plants ( Referred to as phytolith/silicon implant body) , suggesting that the grains are crushed and processed into a way of making beer. Lead researcher Li, Liu said: & other; We don't have to begin looking for exactly in the stone mortar, just want to survey people may eat vegetable plants, because the archaeological record of the data is very rare & throughout; 。 Team points out that the trace of this beer, seems to be between 11700 ~ 13700 BC, make it one of the world's oldest man-made alcohol evidence. According to the traces on the artifact, as well as to understand the ancient brewing technology in other areas, the researchers outlined their imaginary figure lady do it. Will first wheat or barley withhold water, until they began to sprout, and then store them dry. After the malt mashing, heating, with wild yeast fermentation finally. The final finished product, it looks not like a beer today. According to the team, it will be more strong, and almost like porridge or gruel. Liu said the findings showed that alcohol, not necessarily is the result of the agricultural surplus. At least to some extent, farming, before it or do for ceremony, or spiritual demand. In an article: beer, why go down under a stout bubbles: beer brewing equipment sterilization method